The most noticeable signs that your dog is about to start her heat cycle (often referred to as "coming into season" or having her "period") include increased excitement, louder vocalizations, bright eyes, frequent urination, decreased appetite, and a tendency to seek out male dogs. When a female dog enters her heat cycle, it signifies the start of her estrus period, accompanied by various physical and behavioral changes. During this time, it's crucial for owners to keep a close watch when taking her outside and provide her with a nutritious diet and plenty of fresh water.
Behavioral Changes Before a Dog's Heat Cycle
1. Behavior
A dog’s behavior changes noticeably before her heat cycle begins. She may become unusually excited, exhibit increased activity levels, urinate more frequently, show a strong interest in male dogs, and her barks or whines may become more pronounced. These are all signs of hormonal shifts.
2. Physical Changes
Physically, a dog's eyes might appear brighter than usual. Her appetite may diminish, and you'll observe that her vulva will become swollen and reddened. Also, a reddish, sometimes mucus-like discharge will start to appear. This discharge is a key indicator that she's entering the proestrus stage of her heat cycle.
3. Temperament
Some dogs may display changes in temperament, becoming more irritable and less tolerant of human interaction just prior to and at the start of their heat cycle. This is due to the hormonal fluctuations.
How to Care for a Dog During Her Heat Cycle
1. Hygiene
During her heat cycle, your dog will discharge blood and mucus, so cleanliness is vital. Gently clean her genital area with warm water daily to prevent infections. Provide soft and comfortable bedding, which should be cleaned and disinfected regularly.
2. Supervision
Dogs in heat can be restless and eager to mate. Always use a leash when taking her for walks to avoid contact with male dogs and prevent unwanted pregnancies. Consider using specialized dog diapers or pants to manage the discharge indoors.
3. Nutrition
A dog's nutritional needs increase during heat. Feed her a diet that is both nutritious and easy to digest. Because she might also experience constipation, it’s advisable to incorporate vegetables and fiber into her diet to aid digestion.
4. Health and Comfort
A dog's immune system may be somewhat compromised during her heat cycle. Keep her warm and comfortable, avoid allowing her to lie on cold surfaces, and refrain from bathing her unless absolutely necessary, as this can further lower her immunity and potentially cause discomfort. Instead, use a damp cloth to spot clean as needed.